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Iodine is a trace element necessary for the normal function of the thyroid gland. Specifically, the thyroid gland uses iodine in the production of the thyroid hormone. Iodine deficiency can result in goiter (a condition in which the thyroid becomes enlarged in an effort to compensate for the body’s lack of iodine), as well as impaired mental and physical development in children. Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can cause miscarriage and increased risk of infant mortality.


Good Food Sources: Iodized salt, seafood, seaweed, fish liver oil.

Signs of Deficiency: Signs of iodine deficiency include thyroid enlargement. Iodine deficiency is rare in industrialized countries because iodine is added to table salt.

Uses of Iodine: Iodine is used to treat iodine deficiency. It is also used topically and as an antiseptic for cuts.

Dosage Information: The RDA is 150 micrograms for adults, 200 micrograms for pregnant and breastfeeding women. The therapeutic dose is 50 to 300 micrograms. Supplemental iodine is not recommended unless a person shows signs of iodine deficiency.

Possible Side Effects: Taking too much iodine (more than 1,500 micrograms per day) may inhibit thyroid hormone secretion. Iodine supplementation may contribute to acne in some cases.

Possible Interactions: People with hypothyroid disorder should avoid high-iodine foods. When taken in large amounts, some raw foods (Brussels sprouts, turnips, beets, cassava, cabbage, kale, peaches, spinach) can block the uptake of iodine into the thyroid.